in the wake of COVID-19, including unemployment, mental illness, and addiction; and, (3) the importance of moderating factors (e.g., age, race and ethnicity, gender, personality, family status, and culture) for which there are likely to be disparate COVID-19 impacts. Data for 48 countries imply flu-related Introduction The COVID-19 outbreak (previously 2019-nCoV) was caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Using secondary data, research (Susilawati et al, 2020) produces evidence that the sectors affected by COVID-19 are transportation, tourism, trade, and the household sector that is most significantly affected. In all cases, the G614 pseudovirus was moderately more susceptible to neutralization. have not been studied rigorously or adopted for ventilator design -- developing complex computational modeling and data analytics/AI techniques for predicting *system* impact on lung health. This book explores the health, economic and social challenges presented by the major types of infectious disease, viewed in the context of the continuing fight against the coronavirus. This paper explores. Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD), National Security Education Center (NSEC), Los Alamos Collaboration for Explosives Detection (LACED), Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Information Science & Technology Institute, Service Academies & ROTC Research Associates (SARRA), Strategic Analyses and Assessments (SAA) Office, Public Reading Room: Environmental Documents, Reports, The Novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, is Highly Contagious and More Infectious Than Initially Estimated, Fast spread of COVID-19in Europeand the USand its implications:evenmodest public health goals require comprehensive intervention, https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.04.20050427v1.full.pdf, High Contagiousness and Rapid Spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/7/20-0282_article, Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 through Recombination and Strong Purifying Selection, https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.20.000885, School dismissal as a pandemic influenza response: When, where and for how long. This edition of the biennial Poverty and Shared Prosperity report brings sobering news. This book provides essential information on these viruses and the development of vaccines to control coronavirus infections. Coronaviruses are the RNA viruses with the largest genome known to date (27 to 32 kb). Integrating these estimates and high-resolution real-time human travel and infection data with mathematical models, we estimated that the number of infected individuals during early epidemic double every 2.4 days, and theR0value is likely to be between 4.7 and 6.6. 0
We fitted the model to both infection incidence and death count data collected from eight European countries and the US. Operated by Triad National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA Copyright Triad National Security, LLC. The most likely ecological reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2 are bats, . The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in late 2002 and 2003 challenged the global public health community to confront a novel epidemic that spread rapidly from its origins in southern China until it had reached more than Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the causative agent of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease pandemic. Coronavirus research highlights. %PDF-1.6
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Recent content from BMC and SpringerOpen journals relevant to coronavirus research, as well as additional . Coronaviruses (CoVs), enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses, are characterized by club-like spikes that project from their surface, an unusually large RNA genome, and a unique replication strategy. School can be protective for a community and reduce the number of total infected individuals. To address this challenge, we used an agent-based model that simulates communities across the United States including daycares, primary, and secondary schools to quantify the relative health outcomes of reopening schools. A subset of monoclonal antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike are less effective against the variant, while others are largely unaffected. This paper is the first to use CPS data covering the early effects of COVID-19 mandates and demand shifts on small businesses, and the first to explore differential effects for female, minority and immigrant business owners, which is potentially important for targeting Copyright 2021 Triad National Security, LLC. The Biostatistics section starts with clinical biostatistics, presenting methods for evaluating clinical tests and improving clinical decisions. A novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, has been identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness that originated in Wuhan, China, and which has spread to several other countries around the world. For the scenarios considered, the consensus from 17 distinct models was that a second outbreak will occur within 6 months of reopening, unless schools and non-essential workplaces remain closed. Download PDF An open-resource literature hub known as LitCovid curates the most comprehensive collection of international research papers so far on the new coronavirus disease COVID-19 (see go . The new COVID-19 is caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. A novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, has been identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness that originated in Wuhan, China, and which has spread to several other countries around the world. "An Atlantic senior editor presents an investigation into the lucrative quality of popularity in the 21st century to share economic insights into what makes ideas, productions and products successful, "--NoveList. Assuming a serial interval of 69 days, we calculated a median R0value of 5.7 (95% CI 3.88.9). This book offers the first comprehensive analysis of the psychology of pandemics. It blurred the boundaries between work and non-work, infusing ambiguity into everyday activities. We show that changes in the protein energetics favor a higher population of infection-capable states in the G-form through release of asymmetry present in the D-form inter-protomer interactions. CORD-19 is designed to facilitate the development of text mining and information retrieval systems over its rich collection of metadata and structured full text papers. While early school closures were likely beneficial in protecting children in the initial stages of the pandemic in the U.S., long-term closures pose significant cumulative effects in children who rely on schools for instruction and additional social services, and for parents who need to balance work and childcare obligations. The resource aims to assist health workers, policy makers, and researchers to bring the COVID-19 pandemic to . This paper is the first to use CPS data covering the early effects of COVID-19 mandates and demand shifts on small businesses, and the first to explore differential effects for female, minority and immigrant business owners, which is potentially important for targeting This book explores the pros and cons of the Affordable Care Act, and explains who benefits from the ACA. Readers will learn how the economy is affected by the ACA, and the impact of the ACA rollout. Thus, the increased infectivity of the G-form is likely due to a higher rate of profitable binding encounters with the host receptor. Similar purifying selection in different host species, together with frequent recombination among coronaviruses, suggests a common evolutionary mechanism that could lead to new emerging human coronaviruses. This book confronts the vulnerabilities and interconnectedness made visible by the pandemic and its consequences, along with the legal, ethical and policy responses. However,the proportion of cases that had been detected was low With such high epidemic growth rates,moderate interventioneffortswillhave little impact on thepublic healthoutcome; highlevels of effortsto achievegreater than 77-86<% reduction in transmissionareneeded, no matter whether the goal is to slowdown thegrowthto protect a large fraction of population from infection within 18 months, or to reverse thegrowth all together.
Our results show that plans that utilize consecutive days in school and divide students into separated smaller cohorts who attend school together, as well as plans that emphasize distance learning, are better able to suppress disease spread and reduce risk from an introduced infective into the community. The global literature cited in the WHO COVID-19 database is updated daily (Monday through Friday) from searches of bibliographic databases, hand searching, and the addition of other expert-referred scientific articles.
The SARS coronavirus (SCoV) appears to be zoonotic and to have originated in wild mammals in southern China. Safely Reopening K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic MedRxiv CD Shelley, PS Chadwick, C Manore, SY Del Valle Early school closures were a consistent, nationwide response to the COVID-19 pandemic in mid-March due to the role that children play in spreading influenza. The last version of the CDC COVID-19 database will be archived and remain available on this website. This book provides a comprehensive overview of recent novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection, their biology and associated challenges for their treatment and prevention of novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). E1,I0,O4 ABSTRACT Mortality and economic contraction during the 1918-1920 Great Influenza Pandemic provide plausible upper bounds for outcomes under the coronavirus (COVID-19). Detailed understanding of these determinants is key for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Forward-looking studies and analyses appear in scholarly papers by LANL authors covering pandemic influenza, emerging diseases from wildlife, effects on critical infrastructure, and the tools developed to track outbreaks. Proposed in-person school reopening plans include traditional, 100% school capacity, five days per week instruction, hybrid scenarios with reduced in-person instruction and virtual learning, and various reduced school capacity schedules with non-pharmaceutical interventions in place. of Energy's NNSA | Copyright 2021 Triad National Security, LLC. Forward-looking studies and analyses appear in scholarly papers by LANL authors covering pandemic influenza, emerging diseases from wildlife, effects on critical infrastructure, and the tools developed to track outbreaks. %%EOF
This book contains information directly related to the work of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), as well as various Congressional staff and policymakers. Reopening K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prioritizing Health, Equity, and Communities provides guidance on the reopening and operation of elementary and secondary schools for the 2020-2021 school year. Unapologetic and clear-eyed, The Fight for Climate after COVID-19 helps us understand why the time has come to prepare for the world as it will be, rather than as it once was. International trade is highly affected by mycotoxin contaminations, which result in an annual 5% to 10% loss of global crop production. Here we investigate why a recently published study by van Dorp et al. These and many other findings have been established only very recently. The articles collected in this book reveal and/or further detail these findings. Promoting the Educational Success of Children and Youth Learning English: Promising Futures examines how evidence based on research relevant to the development of DLLs/ELs from birth to age 21 can inform education and health policies and The book covers exercise strategies specifically tailored for common mental illnesses, such as depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and more. In early December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), occurred in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health will receive more than $2 million per year in a five-year grant from the National Institutes of Health's National Cancer Institute to form a center for studying the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Recent content from BMC and SpringerOpen journals relevant to coronavirus research, as well as additional . endstream
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<. WHO is gathering the latest international multilingual scientific findings and knowledge on COVID-19. Patients with G614 shed more viral nucleic acid compared with those with D614 and G614 bearing viruses show significantly higher infectious titers in vitro than their D614 counterparts. The global literature cited in the WHO COVID-19 database is updated daily (Monday through Friday) from searches of bibliographic databases, hand searching, and the addition of other expert-referred scientific articles. This essential volume explores a variety of tools and protocols of structure-based (homology modeling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, protein-protein interaction network) and ligand-based (pharmacophore mapping, quantitative Initially, the basic reproductive number,R0, was estimated to be 2.2 to 2.7. Important announcement: The CDC Database of COVID-19 Research Articles is now a part of the WHO COVID-19 database external icon.Our search results are now being sent to the WHO COVID-19 Database external icon to make it easier for them to be searched, downloaded, and used by researchers worldwide.. Scenarios where split cohorts of students return to school in non-overlapping formats resulted in significant decreases in the clinical attack rate (i.e., the percentage of symptomatic individuals), potentially by as much as 75% . Welcome to the Lancet COVID-19 Resource Centre, bringing together all COVID-19 research, reviews, commentary, news, and analysis from across the Lancet family of journals as it is published. However, with a current second and third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic across other continents, pertinent questions have arisen regarding the . A minimum number of 50 cowritten papers was necessary to establish a link between two countries. In early December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), occurred in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The most likely ecological reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2 are bats, . present evidence that there are now more SARS-CoV-2 virused circulating in the human population globally that have the G614 form of the Spike protein versus the D614 form that was originally identified from the first human cases in Wuhan, China. WHO is gathering the latest international multilingual scientific findings and knowledge on COVID-19. Plans with more consecutive school days are protective for both the schoolchildren and surrounding community by acting to separate the larger intermixing. Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants B.1.429 and B.1.351 New England Journal of Medicine (4/7/21) An analysis of cross-reactive viral binding and neutralization of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants suggests that the mRNA-1273 and NVX-CoV2373 vaccines elicit immune responses that are effective at neutralizing the B.1.429 variant but less effective in recognizing the B.1.351 variant. The impetus for this book is the relative lack of research into the integration of spatial analysis and GIS, and the potential benefits in developing such an integration. Machine Intelligent Survival Models of PatientVentilation Interaction for COVID-19 Technical report, Los Alamos National Lab. Each one is evaluated for evidence of positive selection, and the implications of the mutation are explored through structural modeling.
(LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States) CA Manore, CD Shelley, SY Del Valle Conclusions School reopening is possible in a no to low infections scenario. Awareness has been growing in the United States - and in nations around the world - that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has triggered a new era of great-power competition. We also demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2s entire RBM was introduced through recombination with coronaviruses from pangolins, possibly a critical step in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2s ability to infect humans. This second edition is based on evidence from several WHO updated and published clinical guidelines. It is for use in both inpatient and outpatient care in small hospitals with basic laboratory facilities and essential medicines. Here we provide a new estimate of this quantity. School can instead by very detrimental to the community by speeding up the outbreak if the initially infected case is a student. To this end, we perform extensive all-atom simulations of the (i) RBD-ACE2 complex without glycans, (ii) RBD-ACE2 with oligomannose MAN9 glycans in ACE2, and (iii) RBD-ACE2 with complex FA2 glycans in ACE2. Initial estimates of the early dynamics of the outbreak in Wuhan, China, suggested a doubling time of the number of infected persons of 67 days and a basic reproductive number (R0) of 2.22.7.